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MUSIC HISTORY LESSON

Each month, a mini lesson in music history.


WHO INVENTED MUSICAL NOTATION?

by Randi Reed

Roman philosopher and statesman Boethius (c. 475-525) was the first to associate music with the alphabet, using the first fifteen letters of the Roman alphabet to indicate notes that were in use at the end of the Roman period. This system evolved over time, with Benedictine monk Guido d' Arezzo adding the staff at the end of the 12th Century, placing the letters on certain lines to indicate their pitch.

In the 15th Century, time signatures were added, and the notes evolved into a rounded shape. The 5-line staff with auxiliary lines became standard in the 16th Century, and expression signs and Italian phrases indicating tempo and dynamics were added in the 17th Century.

Ludwig van Beethoven was one of the first composers to use metronome markings on his scores to indicate tempo, having been acquainted with Johann Nepomuk Maelzel, who perfected the metronome around 1815.

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